All Wheel Drive and Four Wheel Drive Explained

Are you one of the many people that are unclear as to the difference between all wheel drive (AWD) and four wheel drive (FWD) vehicles? When you decide to buy a vehicle based on the terrain it can drive on, you should do your research so that you can avoid buying something that bogs down your fuel economy or is rather unnecessary for the environment you live in. AWD and FWD are different systems with very different pros and cons. The system that is best for you depends on the driving conditions you will typically face.

With the AWD system, there is continuous power to all four wheels and the system provides maximum traction at all times. AWD is helpful in wintry conditions and when driving in moderate off-road terrain. AWD systems are full-time, so there's no need for the driver to manually shift into AWD mode. Its lightness and compactness makes AWD the system of choice for wagons, minivans, and an increasing number of SUVs, particularly car-based models.

The key difference between 4WD and AWD is that 4WD uses low-range gearing, which helps in challenging off-road conditions such as traversing rocks, steep slopes, or deep water. The vast majority of 4WD-vehicle owners, however, rarely need this capability. In addition, 4WD systems are typically heavier, which compromises fuel economy.

Most modern 4WD systems are full-time. But part-time systems are found on many pickups and traditional SUVs. These require the driver to manually shift between two- and four-wheel drive, and the vehicle can't be driven on dry pavement when in 4WD mode.

What system do you need? AWD is good for most snow conditions or for traveling on dirt roads without high rocks, deep sand, or steep inclines. If you'll be encountering more severe conditions, 4WD is a preferable option.

Basically, if you live in the city and feel that you “just have to have an SUV or minivan”, then the respectable thing for you to do for yourself and your fellow neighbors is choose the AWD version since 1) you will most likely not be driving in the Grand Canyon on your way to work everyday, and 2) FWD vehicles use more fuel. After all, why use more gas just to have some option on your vehicle that you don’t necessarily need if you are living in the city where roads are paved and are maintained well in the winter?

posted by: Lisa (LazyGirl)