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== alias ==Create an alias, aliases allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used as the first word of a simple command. == break ==The break statement is used to exit the current loop before its normal ending. This is done when you don't know in advance how many times the loop will have to execute, for instance because it is dependent on user input.== cd ==Change directory== echo ==== printf ==The printf command provides a method to print pre-formatted text, expanding shells script standard output over the echo command. See format and example below: printf <FORMAT> <ARGUMENTS...> printf "Last name: %s\nName: %s\n" "$SURNAME" "$LASTNAME"the printf does not automatically line feed unlike the echo command. LF is not implied, it must be stated. See two equivalents below: echo "Hello World" printf "Hello World\n" printf "%s\n" "Hello World" see: [[printf bash builtin]]{{:Sparse Entry}}