Difference between revisions of "Electrical Conductivity of Various Metals"

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[[File:conductivitymetalchart1.gif]]
 
[[File:conductivitymetalchart1.gif]]
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<h3>Conductivity & Resistivity in Metals</h3>
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{| border="1"<tbody>
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! <h3>Material</h3>
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! <h3>Resistivity
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p(Ω•m) at 20°C</h3>
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! <h3>Conductivity
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σ(S/m) at 20°C</h3>
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|-
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| Silver
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| 1.59x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 6.30x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| Copper
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| 1.68x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 5.98x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| Annealed Copper
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| 1.72x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 5.80x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| Gold
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| 2.44x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 4.52x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-aluminum-2340124" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="7">Aluminum</a>
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| 2.82x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 3.5x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| Calcium
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| 3.36x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 2.82x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-beryllium-2340127" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="8">Beryllium</a>
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| 4.00x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 2.500x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-rhodium-2340151" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="9">Rhodium</a>
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| 4.49x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 2.23x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-magnesium-2340142" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="10">Magnesium</a>
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| 4.66x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 2.15x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-molybdenum-2340145" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="11">Molybdenum</a>
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| 5.225x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.914x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iridium-2340138" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="12">Iridium</a>
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| 5.289x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.891x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-tungsten-2340159" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="13">Tungsten</a>
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| 5.49x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.82x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-zinc-2340039" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="14">Zinc</a>
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| 5.945x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.682x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-cobalt-2340131" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="15">Cobalt</a>
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| 6.25x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.60x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| Cadmium
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| 6.84x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.46<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-nickel-2340147" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="16">Nickel</a> (electrolytic)
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| 6.84x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.46x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iridium-2340138" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="17">Ruthenium</a>
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| 7.595x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.31x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/lithium-production-2340123" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="18">Lithium</a>
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| 8.54x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.17x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iron-2340139" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="19">Iron</a>
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| 9.58x10<sup>-8</sup>
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| 1.04x10<sup>7</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-platinum-2340149" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="20">Platinum</a>
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| 1.06x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 9.44x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-palladium-2340148" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="21">Palladium</a>
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| 1.08x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 9.28x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-tin-2340157" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="22">Tin</a>
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| 1.15x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 8.7x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Selenium
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| 1.197x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 8.35x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Tantalum
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| 1.24x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 8.06x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Niobium
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| 1.31x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 7.66x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-steel-2340175" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="23">Steel</a> (Cast)
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| 1.61x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 6.21x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-chromium-2340130" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="24">Chromium</a>
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| 1.96x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 5.10x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-lead-2340140" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="25">Lead</a>
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| 2.05x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 4.87x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Vanadium
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| 2.61x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 3.83x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Uranium
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| 2.87x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 3.48x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/history-antimony-metal-2340120" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="26">Antimony</a>*
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| 3.92x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 2.55x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Zirconium
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| 4.105x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 2.44x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-titanium-2340158" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="27">Titanium</a>
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| 5.56x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 1.798x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| <a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-mercury-2340144" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="28">Mercury</a>
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| 9.58x10<sup>-7</sup>
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| 1.044x10<sup>6</sup>
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|-
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| Germanium*
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| 4.6x10<sup>-1</sup>
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| 2.17
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|-
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| Silicon*
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| 6.40x10<sup>2</sup>
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| 1.56x10<sup>-3</sup></tbody>
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|}<div id="billboard3-sticky_1-0" class="comp billboard3-sticky billboard-sticky" data-height="600" data-parent=""><div class="spacer"><div id="billboard3-dynamic_1-0" class="comp billboard3-dynamic mntl-gpt-dynamic-adunit mntl-gpt-adunit gpt billboard dynamic"><div id="billboard3" class="wrapper" data-type="billboard" data-pos="btf2" data-priority="5" data-sizes="[[300, 250], [300, 252], [3, 1], "fluid"]" data-rtb="true" data-targeting="{}"></div></div><!-- end: comp billboard3-dynamic mntl-gpt-dynamic-adunit mntl-gpt-adunit gpt billboard dynamic --></div></div><!-- end: comp billboard3-sticky billboard-sticky -->
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*Note: The resistivity of semiconductors (metalloids) is heavily dependent on the presence of impurities in the material.

Revision as of 09:48, 3 December 2018

The most effective conductors of electricity are metals that have a single valence electron that is free to move and causes a strong repelling reaction in other electrons. This is the case in the most conductive metals, such as silver, gold, and copper, who each have a single valence electron that moves with little resistance and causes a strong repelling reaction.

Conductivitymetalchart0.jpg

Conductivitymetalchart1.gif


Conductivity & Resistivity in Metals

Material

Resistivity p(Ω•m) at 20°C

Conductivity σ(S/m) at 20°C

Silver 1.59x10-8 6.30x107
Copper 1.68x10-8 5.98x107
Annealed Copper 1.72x10-8 5.80x107
Gold 2.44x10-8 4.52x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-aluminum-2340124" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="7">Aluminum</a> 2.82x10-8 3.5x107
Calcium 3.36x10-8 2.82x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-beryllium-2340127" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="8">Beryllium</a> 4.00x10-8 2.500x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-rhodium-2340151" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="9">Rhodium</a> 4.49x10-8 2.23x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-magnesium-2340142" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="10">Magnesium</a> 4.66x10-8 2.15x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-molybdenum-2340145" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="11">Molybdenum</a> 5.225x10-8 1.914x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iridium-2340138" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="12">Iridium</a> 5.289x10-8 1.891x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-tungsten-2340159" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="13">Tungsten</a> 5.49x10-8 1.82x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-zinc-2340039" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="14">Zinc</a> 5.945x10-8 1.682x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-cobalt-2340131" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="15">Cobalt</a> 6.25x10-8 1.60x107
Cadmium 6.84x10-8 1.467
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-nickel-2340147" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="16">Nickel</a> (electrolytic) 6.84x10-8 1.46x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iridium-2340138" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="17">Ruthenium</a> 7.595x10-8 1.31x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/lithium-production-2340123" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="18">Lithium</a> 8.54x10-8 1.17x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-iron-2340139" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="19">Iron</a> 9.58x10-8 1.04x107
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-platinum-2340149" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="20">Platinum</a> 1.06x10-7 9.44x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-palladium-2340148" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="21">Palladium</a> 1.08x10-7 9.28x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-tin-2340157" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="22">Tin</a> 1.15x10-7 8.7x106
Selenium 1.197x10-7 8.35x106
Tantalum 1.24x10-7 8.06x106
Niobium 1.31x10-7 7.66x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-steel-2340175" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="23">Steel</a> (Cast) 1.61x10-7 6.21x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-chromium-2340130" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="24">Chromium</a> 1.96x10-7 5.10x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-lead-2340140" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="25">Lead</a> 2.05x10-7 4.87x106
Vanadium 2.61x10-7 3.83x106
Uranium 2.87x10-7 3.48x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/history-antimony-metal-2340120" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="26">Antimony</a>* 3.92x10-7 2.55x106
Zirconium 4.105x10-7 2.44x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-titanium-2340158" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="27">Titanium</a> 5.56x10-7 1.798x106
<a href="https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-mercury-2340144" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="28">Mercury</a> 9.58x10-7 1.044x106
Germanium* 4.6x10-1 2.17
Silicon* 6.40x102 1.56x10-3</tbody>
  • Note: The resistivity of semiconductors (metalloids) is heavily dependent on the presence of impurities in the material.
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