Difference between revisions of "Termonology Used by Carpenters"
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== C == | == C == | ||
| + | === chair rail === | ||
| + | Or chair board, wooden molding on a wall around a room at the level of a chair back. Chair railing trim moulding / molding. 3' is the standard height. | ||
| + | |||
=== corner braces === | === corner braces === | ||
Diagonal braces at the corners of framed walls to provide extra strength. | Diagonal braces at the corners of framed walls to provide extra strength. | ||
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An upward bow, curve, or rise along a board length. Deck boards are set on end with the crown up. Eventually, the crown will sag and straighten the board. | An upward bow, curve, or rise along a board length. Deck boards are set on end with the crown up. Eventually, the crown will sag and straighten the board. | ||
=== crown molding === | === crown molding === | ||
| − | Molding used to cover any interior angle. | + | Molding used to cover any interior angle. |
== E == | == E == | ||
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=== lap joint === | === lap joint === | ||
Joint between two pieces of wood lapping over each other. | Joint between two pieces of wood lapping over each other. | ||
| + | === lip molding === | ||
| + | Molding with a lip which overlaps the piece against which the backing of the molding rests. | ||
== M == | == M == | ||
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=== rafters === | === rafters === | ||
beams that slope from the ridge of a roof to the eaves making the main body of the roof's framework . | beams that slope from the ridge of a roof to the eaves making the main body of the roof's framework . | ||
| + | === rise === | ||
| + | Vertical distance through which anything rises as the rise of a roof or stair. | ||
| + | === riser === | ||
| + | Vertical board between two treads of a flight of stairs. | ||
== S == | == S == | ||
| Line 81: | Line 90: | ||
Visible underwide of structural members such as staircases, cornices, beams, a roof overhang or eave. | Visible underwide of structural members such as staircases, cornices, beams, a roof overhang or eave. | ||
=== stud === | === stud === | ||
| − | 2x4 or 2x6 vertical framing member used to assemble walls. | + | 2x4 or 2x6 vertical framing member used to assemble walls. Wall studs normally are spaced at either 16 inches or 24 inches on center. |
| + | |||
=== subfloor === | === subfloor === | ||
Boards or plywood mounted over joists on which the finish floor is laid. | Boards or plywood mounted over joists on which the finish floor is laid. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == T == | ||
| + | === timber === | ||
| + | Lumber with a cross section more than 4 by 6 inches such as posts sills and girders. | ||
| + | === truss === | ||
| + | Structural framework of triangular units used in place of rafters for supporting loads over long spans. | ||
| + | |||
| + | | ||
[[Category:Carpentry]] | [[Category:Carpentry]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Construction]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:24, 20 May 2010
A
airway
Space made between roof boards and insulation in order for air to move.
baseboard
Board positioned around the bottom circumference of a room as a finish between the floor and the plaster.
B
bridging
Small pieces of wood placed in an X-pattern between the floor joists to prevent them from twisting and squeaking.
C
chair rail
Or chair board, wooden molding on a wall around a room at the level of a chair back. Chair railing trim moulding / molding. 3' is the standard height.
corner braces
Diagonal braces at the corners of framed walls to provide extra strength.
crown
An upward bow, curve, or rise along a board length. Deck boards are set on end with the crown up. Eventually, the crown will sag and straighten the board.
crown molding
Molding used to cover any interior angle.
E
Eave
Lower part of a roof which projects over the wall.
F
face nail
Driving a nail perpendicularly through the width side board.
fascia
The flat front board which caps the rafter tail ends and fly rafter edges.
fishplate
A piece of wood that fastens the ends to two members together at a butt joint.
floor joists
The main subfloor framing members which supports the floor span. Typically, joists are made out of I-beams or 2x8 (or larger) lumber.
fly rafters
The end rafters forming the outside edge of the roof overhang.
footing
Base of the foundation that will transmit the loads to the soil. Enlargement at the lower end of a wall pier or column that distributes the load.
frost footing
Local building codes determine the footing depth, footings should be suitable for the soil condition and far enough below ground level to be protected from frost action. In Nebraska front footing is typically 18".
furring
Narrow strips of board nailed upon the walls and ceiling to form a straight surface upon which to lay the laths or other finish.
G
girder
Large beam of wood or steel which acts as the principle support for loads along its span.
H
header
Beam which is perpendicular to wall suds above doors, windows or other openings. It carries the weight of structural loads.
J
jamb
Side piece or post of an opening sometimes applied to the door frame.
joist
Parallel framing members installed horizontally to carry floor and ceiling loads. Timbers supporting the floorboards.
K
knee brace
Corner brace fastened at an angle from the wall stud to the rafter stiffening a wood or steel frame to prevent angular movement.
L
lap joint
Joint between two pieces of wood lapping over each other.
lip molding
Molding with a lip which overlaps the piece against which the backing of the molding rests.
M
miter
45-degree cut. Unlike a compound miter cut, the saw blade remains at 0 degrees.
P
plumb
A vertical element that is perfectly perpendicular to a level surface.
pitch
The angle of a roof slope, measured as "X" inches per 12" (x/12).
R
rafters
beams that slope from the ridge of a roof to the eaves making the main body of the roof's framework .
rise
Vertical distance through which anything rises as the rise of a roof or stair.
riser
Vertical board between two treads of a flight of stairs.
S
siding
Outside finish between the casings.
soffit
Visible underwide of structural members such as staircases, cornices, beams, a roof overhang or eave.
stud
2x4 or 2x6 vertical framing member used to assemble walls. Wall studs normally are spaced at either 16 inches or 24 inches on center.
subfloor
Boards or plywood mounted over joists on which the finish floor is laid.
T
timber
Lumber with a cross section more than 4 by 6 inches such as posts sills and girders.
truss
Structural framework of triangular units used in place of rafters for supporting loads over long spans.
