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different purposes. These groupings are usually due to the different physical characteristics or behavior of radio waves at different frequencies (more on this below). To understand the properties of different radio waves, let's first calculate the wavelength of some typical radio frequencies found in each of the main broadcast bands. As explained above, this is performed by dividing the speed of light by the frequency of interest: different purposes. These groupings are usually due to the different physical characteristics or behavior of radio waves at different frequencies. To understand the properties of different radio waves, first calculate the wavelength of some typical radio frequencies found in each of the main broadcast bands. This is performed by dividing the speed of light by the frequency of interest. However, electricity travels at 95% the speed of light in a wire, the number of times the polarity changes in one second (frequency) determines how long the wire has to be in order to be resonant. Radio is divided into bands. The Long Wave Band (LW) starts at 30 kHz and goes to 300 kHz. The Medium Wave Band (MW) is from 300 kHz to 3000 kHz or 3 MHz. The High Frequency Band (HF) is from 3 MHz to 30 MHz. The Very High Frequency Band (VHF) is from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. The Ultra-High Frequency Band (UHF) is from 300 MHz to 3000 MHz or 3 GHz. Above these frequencies are several microwave bands which are defined as the Super High Frequency Band (SHF). Meter Band Frequency Range and Use{{:Wavelength_table_ex1}} -------------------------------------------------- 160 meter 1800 - 2000 kHz ham radio 120 meter 2300 - 2498 kHz broadcasting 90 meter 3200 - 3400 kHz broadcasting 80 meter 3500 - 4000 kHz ham radio 60 meter 4750 - 4995 kHz broadcasting 49 meter 5950 to 6250 kHz broadcasting 41 meter 7100 to 7300 kHz broadcasting 40 meter 7000 to 7300 kHz ham radio 31 meter 9500 to 9900 kHz broadcasting 30 meter 10100 to 10150 kHz ham radio 25 meter 11650 to 11975 kHz broadcasting 22 meter 13600 to 13800 kHz broadcasting 20 meter 14000 to 14350 kHz ham radio 19 meter 15100 to 15600 kHz broadcasting 17 meter 18068 to 18168 kHz ham radio 16 meter 17550 to 17900 kHz broadcasting 15 meter 21000 to 21450 kHz ham radio 13 meter 21450 to 21850 kHz broadcasting 12 meter 24890 to 24990 ham radio 11 meter 25670 to 26100 kHz broadcasting 10 meter 28 to 29.7 MHz ham radio 6 meter 50 - 54 MHz ham radio since 1947 5 meter 56 – 64 MHz taken from ham radio in 1946 2 meter 144 MHz to 148 MHz for ham 1.25 meter 219 - 225 MHz 70 centimeter 420 - 450 MHz ham 462 - 468 MHz non-ham public 33 centimeter 909 MHz 23 centimeter''Due to errors from HAM designations versus actual wave conversion formula 17-meter ham radio band is actually higher in frequency than the 16-meter broadcasting band.''Due to errors from HAM designations versus actual wave conversion formula 17-meter ham radio band is actually higher in frequency than the 16-meter broadcasting band. {| class="wikitable"|- ! Band name! Abbreviation! ITU band! Frequency<br />and<br />wavelength in air! Example uses|-| [[Tremendously low frequency]] | style="text-align:center;"| TLF| style="text-align:center;"| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| < 3 [[Hertz|Hz]]<br />> 100,000 km| style="text-align:center;"| Natural and artificial electromagnetic noise|-| [[Extremely low frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| ELF| style="text-align:center;"| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 Hz<br />100,000 km – 10,000 km| style="text-align:center;"|Communication with submarines|-| [[Super low frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| SLF| style="text-align:center;"| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 Hz<br />10,000 km – 1000 km| style="text-align:center;"| Communication with submarines|-| [[Ultra low frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| ULF| style="text-align:center;"| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 Hz<br />1000 km – 100 km| style="text-align:center;"| Submarine communication, communication within mines|-| [[Very low frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| VLF| style="text-align:center;"| 4| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 kHz<br />100 km – 10 km| style="text-align:center;"| Navigation, time signals, submarine communication, wireless heart rate monitors, geophysics|-| [[Low frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| LF| style="text-align:center;"| 5| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 kHz<br />10 km – 1 km| style="text-align:center;"| Navigation, clock time signals, AM longwave broadcasting (Europe and parts of Asia), [[RFID]], [[amateur radio]]|-| [[Medium frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| MF| style="text-align:center;"| 6| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 kHz<br />1 km – 100 m| style="text-align:center;"| AM radio (medium-wave) broadcasts, amateur radio, avalanche beacons|-| [[High frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| HF| style="text-align:center;"| 7| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 MHz<br />100 m – 10 m| style="text-align:center;"| Shortwave broadcasts, citizens' band radio, amateur radio and over-the-horizon aviation communications, [[RFID]], [[over-the-horizon radar]], [[automatic link establishment]] (ALE) / near-vertical incidence skywave (NVIS) radio communications, marine and mobile radio telephony|-| [[Very high frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| VHF| style="text-align:center;"| 8| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 MHz<br />10 m – 1 m| style="text-align:center;" | FM radio, television broadcasts and line-of-sight ground-to-aircraft and aircraft-to-aircraft communications, land mobile and maritime mobile communications, amateur radio, weather radio|-| [[Ultra high frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| UHF| style="text-align:center;"| 9| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 MHz<br />1 m – 100 mm| style="text-align:center;" | Television broadcasts, microwave oven, microwave devices/communications, [[radio astronomy]], [[mobile phone]]s, wireless LAN, [[Bluetooth]], ZigBee, GPS and two-way radios such as land mobile, [[Family Radio Service|FRS]] and [[GMRS]] radios, amateur radio|-| [[Super high frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| SHF| style="text-align:center;"| 10| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 GHz<br />100 mm – 10 mm| style="text-align:center;"| Radio astronomy, microwave devices/communications, wireless LAN, most modern radars, communications satellites, satellite television broadcasting, DBS, amateur radio|-| [[Extremely high frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| EHF| style="text-align:center;"| 11| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 GHz<br />10 mm – 1 mm| style="text-align:center;"| Radio astronomy, high-frequency microwave radio relay, microwave remote sensing, amateur radio, [[Active Denial System|directed-energy weapon]], millimeter wave scanner|-| [[Terahertz]] or [[Tremendously high frequency]]| style="text-align:center;"| THz or THF| style="text-align:center;"| 12| style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3,000 GHz<br />1 mm – 100 um| style="text-align:center;"| Terahertz imaging – a potential replacement for X-rays in some medical applications, ultrafast molecular dynamics, [[condensed-matter physics]], terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, terahertz computing/communications, sub-mm remote sensing, amateur radio|}<small><small>frequency band meter</small></small>