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In electronics a capacitor is a device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator. There are two terminals on a capacitor for application of connection to an electrical circuit. Although similar to a battery in some respects, a capacitor uses two plates to store electricity in an electrical field. A battery uses a chemical reaction to release electrical current.Capacitance formula: q C = - VWhere:q - charges on the platesV - voltage between the platesThe capacitor plates store the electrons. If the size of the plates is increased, the capacitance increases due to the increased surface area of the plates to store electrons. If the plates are moved farther apart, the capacitance goes down, because the electric field strength between them goes down as the distance increases. Large plates very close together have greater capacitance, however, the voltage rating is less when the plates are more closely spaced. Increasing the space between the plates increases the voltage rating, and decreases capacitance. This can be offset by increasing the surface area of the plates. The reason that the voltage rating is limited is due to arching that can take place between the plates.== The farad ==== The Farad ==There are various increments of the unit of a farad. There are various increments of the unit of a farad from larger to smaller. == Capacitor in Series or Parallel ==When capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of both capacitors. When you connect two or more capacitors together in Parallel you achieve the sum of the total plate area of each capacitor, so think of it as one big capacitor.When capacitors are connected in series, the total capacitance is half the sum of both capacitors, therefore you reduce capacitance when you connect them in series. However, you do get twice the voltage rating, therefore two 16v 200μF rated capacitors now act as a single 32v rated capacitor with 100μF capacitance.