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Video Graphics Array (VGA) is an analog computer display standardVideo Graphics Array (VGA) (also known as PC-RGB, D-sub 15) is an analog computer display standard and is a type of [[Standard Video Device Connector]].(D)igital (V)ideo (I)nterface(D)igital (V)ideo (I)nterface is also a type of [[Standard Video Device Connector]].VGA is analog. DVI digital. VGA analog cannot be converted to DVI digital with a cable. DVI-A is an odd animal, using a DVI style plug for an analog signal. It is not digital. A video card may have a DVI-A output in addition to a DVI-D output, the first being for people that have an analog only monitor. A specific cable connects to the DVI-A analog output on the card and the VGA input on the monitor while traditional analog video cables are D-sub 15 on both ends.(D)igital (V)ideo (I)nterface D - True Digital Video(D)igital (V)ideo (I)nterface D - True Digital Video. This is the standard for modern Personal Computer systems.== DMS-59 ==Molex's DMS-59 system interface is a connector for connecting both digital and analog monitors to low-profile PCI and AGP graphic cards. ATI Radeon 6350 DMS59 cards are an example that have a single DMS-59 connector with an adapter that splits the DMS-59 into two DVI connections. The DMS-59 looks similar to a low-force helix (LFH) connector with one difference, the DMS-59 has one less pin. On the bottom row the third to the last pin hole is blocked. LFH has 60 pins. The DMS-59 connector is missing pin 58.[[File:Connector_Types_on_a_Standard_PC_DMS59.gif]]== LFH60F ==Low-Force Helix (LFH) LFH-60F or LHF60F / Low Force Helix. A 60-pin video connector with signals for two digital and analog connectors. It can connect a single computer graphics source to up to four different monitors. The standard interface is a 60-pin LFH connector with two breakout VGA or DVI cables. The LFH interface requires a graphics card with multi-monitor capabilities and an LFH port. Currently, NVIDIA, Matrox and BFG Technologies manufacture such cards. Besides video, the LFH connector is present as a serial interface on Cisco 1000 series routers. HDMI stands for high definition multimedia interface and is a method for connecting a source device such as a set-top box or DVD player to a display device using a single cable. HDMI connectors are now appearing on some computers, typically on new video cards and video capture devices.{{:High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)}} == DisplayPort == DisplayPort (DP) is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor, and it can also carry audio, USB, and other forms of data. DisplayPort was designed to replace VGA, DVI, and FPD-Link. The DisplayPort uses an LVDS signal protocol that is not compatible with DVI or HDMI. However, dual-mode DisplayPorts are designed to transmit a single-link DVI or HDMI protocol (TMDS) across the interface through the use of an external passive adapter. DisplayPort permits the use of internal and external display connections, and unlike legacy standards that transmit a clock signal with each output, the DisplayPort protocol is based on small data packets known as micro packets. DisplayPort can be used to transmit audio and video simultaneously, although each is optional and can be transmitted without the other. [[File:DisplayPort16.png]] DisplayPort first appeared in 2006, while HDMI came out in 2002. The DisplayPort and HDMI digital signals use bitrate encoding of some form — 8b/10b for most of the older standards, 16b/18b for HDMI 2.1, and 128b/132b for DisplayPort 2.0. 8b/10b encoding for example means for every 8 bits of data, 10 bits are actually transmitted, with the extra bits used to help maintain signal integrity (eg, by ensuring zero DC bias). [[File:HDMI-DisplayPort.jpg]] HDMI is a licensed brand and specification, whereas DisplayPort is a royalty-free standard. DisplayPort has typically offered higher maximum bandwidth than HDMI. While HDMI 2.1 does beat DisplayPort 1.4, DisplayPort 2.0 is faster yet. The original Display 1.0-1.1a spec allowed for RBR (reduced bit rate) and HBR (high bit rate) cables, capable of 5.18 Gbps and 8.64 Gbps of data bandwidth, respectively. DisplayPort 1.2 introduced HBR2, doubled the maximum data bit rate to 17.28 Gbps and is compatible with standard HBR DisplayPort cables. HBR3 with DisplayPort 1.3-1.4a increased things again to 25.92 Gbps, and added the requirement of DP8K DisplayPort certified cables. Unfortunately for consumers, DisplayPort also fully supports [[High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)]] just like HDMI. == Universal Serial Bus aka USB == six most common types#Type-A -- rectangle type on computers #Type-B -- device connectors almost-square#Mini-USB -- also known as Motorola connector, PlayStation 3 controller, MP3 players#Micro-USB -- Android phones #Type-C -- Newer Android phones, modern laptops and smartphones, including MacBooks, Pixel phones, and controllers for the PlayStation 5#Lightning -- Apple's proprietary connector for the iPhone, AirPods, some iPad models[[Image:hdmi_connector_examples.jpg]][[File:USB-types-2x-1024x334.png]][[File:usbchart1210789874.jpg]][[File:usb3162700290.jpg]]