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DStar was designed for amateur radio.DStar ( Digital Smart Technology Amateur Radio / D-STAR / DSTAR ) was designed for amateur radio and uses both RF and the Internet. D-STAR compatible radios are available for HF, VHF, UHF, and microwave amateur radio bands. D-STAR generally operates on VHF and UHF frequencies and allows repeaters to link with each other over the Internet. There are currently two types of DTMF switching being used with Star. DV is used rather than FM. DV stands for Digital Voice. In Digital Voice mode, D-STAR supports voice as well as slow speed data transmissions. DStar is NOT an open standard. DSTAR uses a closed-source proprietary voice codec (AMBE) that's patented by Digital Voice Systems, Inc. (DVSI). Even though D-STAR is not only an Icom system, the word DStar is a registered trademark of Icom. Because the voice codec is technically a form of encryption, the use of DStar shouldn't even be permitted by FCC rules.