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FTA testers are hobbyists performing upgrades or implementing modifications to satellite equipment for the purpose of experimentation and research. A "tester" is a hobbyist with no illegitimate motive. A tester is not a satellite pirate. If you are performing modifications to your receiver for the exclusive purpose of descrambling and viewing Dish Network or DirecTV so you don't have to pay to watch subscription programming, then '''you are a pirate''' NOT a tester.A tester may or may not experiment with ECM and scrambled broadcasts, but will never modify FTA equipment for the exclusive purpose of receiving free programming that is otherwise subscription based. The vast majority of FTA testers are legitimate paying customers of a subscription satellite program provider.'''A few bad apples should not be allowed to give the entire hobby and all participants a bad name.'''