Changes

Radio Bandwidth Frequency Offset

2,475 bytes added, 19:28, 4 June 2015
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=== Notation ====== Radio Communication Methods ===*Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)*Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)*Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) FDMA is the conventional communication method that is widely used for frequency band of under 1GHz. RXBW = Receive Bandwidth === Band Nomenclature === '''Narrowband''': a channel in which the bandwidth of the message does not significantly exceed the channel's coherence bandwidth. Narrowbanding:  Two-Way Radio Narrow banding refers to a U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Order issued in December 2004 requiring all CFR 47 Part 90 VHF (150-174 MHz) and UHF (421-470 MHz) PLMR (Private Land Mobile Radio) licensees operating legacy wideband (25 kHz bandwidth) voice or data/SCADA systems to migrate to narrowband (12.5 kHz bandwidth or equivalent) systems by January 1, 2013. '''Wideband''': a channel in which the bandwidth of the message significantly exceeds the coherence bandwidth of the channel. Some communication links have such a high data rate that they are forced to use a wide bandwidth.   '''Ultraband''': or Ultra-wideband is a technology for transmitting information spread over a large bandwidth (>500 MHz).  Along with techniques such as pulse-position or time modulation the spectrum can be shared by multiple users with low transmit power.==== sidebands ====Any signal that is modulated produces sidebands.  AM sidebands are predictable.  FM sidebands are dependent upon the frequency deviation and modulation index.  With an AM signal the bandwidth required is twice the maximum frequency of the modulation. While the same is true for a narrowband FM signal, the situation is not true for a wideband FM signal. Here the required bandwidth can be much larger, with detectable sidebands spreading out over large amounts of the frequency spectrum. Usually it is necessary to limit the bandwidth of a signal so that it does not unduly interfere with stations either side.==== people call different things wide and narrow band ====The FCC is trying to enact a maximum 12.5 kHz bandwidth across the private land mobile bands between 150-174 and 421-512 MHz, and increases available channels by creating new ones between existing channels.  As of 2013 the FCC mandated that all current licensees must be fully operational on 12.5 kHz equipment.  The FCC is trying to enact a maximum 12.5 kHz bandwidth across the private land mobile bands between 150-174 and 421-512 MHz, and increases available channels by creating new ones between existing channels.  As of 2013 the FCC mandated that all current licensees must be fully operational on 12.5 kHz equipment.   On January 1, 2013, all public safety and business industrial land mobile radio systems operating in the 150–512 MHz radio bands must operate using minimum 12.5-kHz equivalent efficiency technology, i.e., at least 9.6 kbps throughput per 12.5-kHz channel.  This mandate is the result of an FCC effort to ensure more efficient use of the spectrum and greater spectrum access, which effectively ban use of coding gain schemes for frequencies below 512 MHz in U.S.
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